Liable of Arrest and Punishment: Heads of State, Heads of Government Supportive of Genocide against the People of Palestine, Genocide Convention. Articles I, II, III and IV

مسؤول عن الاعتقال والمعاقبة: رؤساء الدول ورؤساء الحكومات الداعمة للإبادة الجماعية ضد شعب فلسطين، المواد الأولى والثانية والثالثة والرابعة

by Michel Chossudovsky

 

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Scroll down to Read this Article in Arabic  AI Translation 

قم بالتمرير لأسفل لقراءة هذه المقالة باللغة العربية

ترجمة الذكاء الاصطناعي

Introduction

As we recall, The Republic of South Africa —referring to Article II of the Genocide Convention–, stated that the crimes committed by the State of Israel “are genocidal in character because they are intended to bring about the destruction of a substantial part of the Palestinian national, racial and ethnical group. …”.

The acts outlined by South Africa “are all attributable to [The state of] Israel, which has failed to prevent genocide and is committing genocide in manifest violation of the Genocide Convention.  … “ (emphasis added)

(See The Republic of South Africa’s 84 page document submitted to the ICJ)

 

 

Article II of the Genocide Convention reads as follows. It esssentially defines acts of genocide, all of which apply to Palestine.

Article II

In the present Convention, genocide means any of the following acts committed with intent to destroy, in whole or in part, a national, ethnical, racial or religious group, as such:

(a) Killing members of the group;

(b) Causing serious bodily or mental harm to members of the group;

(c) Deliberately inflicting on the group conditions of life calculated to bring about its physical destruction in whole or in part;

(d) Imposing measures intended to prevent births within the group;

(e) Forcibly transferring children of the group to another group.

 

A Part from Israel: “Who are The Actors of Genocide”.  The Role of Our Governments.

The answer to this question is addressed in Articles III and IV of the Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide. 

It is not solely Israel which is waging the genocide. Western governments have formally endorsed Israel. They have provided financial support as well as military aid. US-NATO is a partner of Israel in this criminal endeavour.

Western governments are routinly arresting citizens who are protesting against genocide. Millions of people throughout the European Union and around the World have expressed their solidarity with Palestine.

 

 

Article III: “Complicity in Genocide”

The Convention is very explicit: it defines the notion of complicity in Articles III and IV.

Article III

The following acts shall be punishable:

(a) Genocide;

(b) Conspiracy to commit genocide;

(c) Direct and public incitement to commit genocide;

(d) Attempt to commit genocide;

(e) Complicity in genocide.

Several NATO member states have collaborated directly with Israel’s IDF in military and Intelligence operations. They are complicit in the act of genocide.

Complicity is Punishable

Article IV is very explicit.

Article IV:  

“Persons committing genocide or any of the other acts enumerated in article III shall be punished, whether they are constitutionally responsible rulers, public officials or private individuals”.

In this regard, heads of State and heads of government who have formally endorsed the conduct of Genocide by Israel, are categorized as “Constitutionally responsible rulers” and “public officials”. The latter are “Complicit in Genocide” under Article III section e} and can be arrested under the clauses of Article VI

Complicity in Genocide is Punishable under Article V and VI

Article V: (see below). enact

“the necessary legislation to give effect to the provisions of the present Convention, and, in particular, to provide effective penalties for persons guilty of genocide or any of the other acts enumerated in article III”.

Under Article VI (see below), they are liable for arrest and punishment: “tried by a competent Tribunal…” 

Article VI

“Persons charged with genocide or any of the other acts enumerated in article III shall be tried by a competent tribunal of the State in the territory of which the act was committed, or by such international penal tribunal as may have jurisdiction with respect to those Contracting Parties which shall have accepted its jurisdiction.”

مسؤول عن الاعتقال والمعاقبة: رؤساء الدول والرؤساء الرئيسيين للإبادة الجماعية ضد شعب فلسطين، المواد الأولى المفضلة فقط والرابعة

by Michel Chossudovsky

ترجمة الذكاء الاصطناعي 

مقدمة

وكما نتذكر، فإن جمهورية جنوب أفريقيا – في إشارة إلى المادة الثانية  من اتفاقية الإبادة الجماعية – ذكرت أن الجرائم التي ارتكبتها دولة إسرائيل ” ذات طابع إبادة جماعية لأنها تهدف إلى تدمير جزء كبير من المجموعة الوطنية والعرقية والإثنية الفلسطينية …”.

إن الأفعال التي حددتها جنوب أفريقيا “ترجع جميعها إلى [دولة] إسرائيل ، التي فشلت في منع الإبادة الجماعية وترتكب الإبادة الجماعية في انتهاك واضح لاتفاقية الإبادة الجماعية…” (التأكيد مضاف)

(انظر  الوثيقة المكونة من 84 صفحة التي قدمتها جمهورية جنوب أفريقيا إلى محكمة العدل الدولية )

تنص المادة الثانية من اتفاقية منع جريمة الإبادة الجماعية على ما يلي: تُعرّف هذه المادة بشكل أساسي أفعال الإبادة الجماعية، والتي تنطبق جميعها على فلسطين.

المادة الثانية

في هذه الاتفاقية، تعني الإبادة الجماعية أيًا من الأفعال التالية المرتكبة بقصد تدمير جماعة قومية أو إثنية أو عنصرية أو دينية، بصفتها هذه، كليًا أو جزئيًا :

( أ) قتل أعضاء الجماعة؛

(ب) إلحاق أذى جسدي أو نفسي خطير بأعضاء الجماعة؛

(ج) فرض ظروف معيشية متعمدة على الجماعة من شأنها أن تؤدي إلى تدميرها المادي كلياً أو جزئياً؛

(د) فرض التدابير الرامية إلى منع المواليد داخل الجماعة؛

(هـ) نقل أطفال الجماعة بالقوة إلى جماعة أخرى.

جزء من إسرائيل: “من هم منفذو الإبادة الجماعية؟” دور حكوماتنا  .

والإجابة على هذا السؤال ترد في المادتين الثالثة والرابعة من اتفاقية منع جريمة الإبادة الجماعية والمعاقبة عليها. 

ليست إسرائيل وحدها من ترتكب الإبادة الجماعية، بل إن الحكومات الغربية أيدتها رسميًا، وقدمت لها الدعم المالي والعسكري. والولايات المتحدة وحلف شمال الأطلسي (الناتو) شريكان لإسرائيل في هذا المسعى الإجرامي.

تُواصل الحكومات الغربية اعتقال المواطنين الذين يحتجون على الإبادة الجماعية. وقد عبّر ملايين الأشخاص في جميع أنحاء الاتحاد الأوروبي والعالم عن تضامنهم مع فلسطين.

المادة الثالثة: “التواطؤ في الإبادة الجماعية”

إن الاتفاقية واضحة للغاية: فهي تحدد مفهوم التواطؤ في المادتين الثالثة والرابعة.

المادة الثالثة

يعاقب على الأفعال الآتية:

(أ) الإبادة الجماعية؛

(ب) التآمر لارتكاب جريمة الإبادة الجماعية؛

(ج) التحريض المباشر والعلني على ارتكاب الإبادة الجماعية؛

(د) محاولة ارتكاب جريمة الإبادة الجماعية؛

(هـ) التواطؤ في الإبادة الجماعية.

تعاونت عدة دول أعضاء في حلف شمال الأطلسي (الناتو) بشكل مباشر مع جيش الدفاع الإسرائيلي في عمليات عسكرية واستخباراتية. وهي متواطئة في جريمة الإبادة الجماعية .

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التواطؤ يعاقب عليه

المادة الرابعة صريحة جداً.

المادة الرابعة:  

“يعاقب الأشخاص الذين يرتكبون جريمة الإبادة الجماعية أو أي من الأفعال الأخرى المذكورة في المادة الثالثة، سواء كانوا حكاماً دستوريين أو موظفين عامين أو أفراداً عاديين”.

في هذا الصدد، يُصنّف رؤساء الدول والحكومات الذين أيدوا رسميًا ارتكاب إسرائيل للإبادة الجماعية، على أنهم “حكام مسؤولون دستوريًا” و”موظفون عموميون” . ويُعتبر هؤلاء الأخيرون ” متواطئين في الإبادة الجماعية” بموجب المادة الثالثة، القسم هـ،  ويمكن اعتقالهم بموجب بنود المادة السادسة.

التواطؤ في الإبادة الجماعية يعاقب عليه بموجب المادتين الخامسة والسادسة

المادة الخامسة: (انظر أدناه).

“التشريعات اللازمة لتنفيذ أحكام هذه الاتفاقية، وبخاصة وضع عقوبات فعالة للأشخاص المذنبين بارتكاب جريمة الإبادة الجماعية أو أي من الأفعال الأخرى المذكورة في المادة الثالثة.

وبموجب المادة السادسة (انظر أدناه)، فإنهم معرضون للاعتقال والعقاب : “محاكمتهم بواسطة محكمة مختصة…” 

المادة السادسة

يحاكم الأشخاص المتهمون بارتكاب الإبادة الجماعية أو أي من الأفعال الأخرى المذكورة في المادة الثالثة أمام محكمة مختصة من محاكم الدولة التي ارتكب الفعل على أراضيها، أو أمام محكمة جزائية دولية ذات اختصاص فيما يتصل بالأطراف المتعاقدة التي تقبل اختصاصها.

 

ANNEX 

 

Entry into force: 12 January 1951, in accordance with article XIII

The Contracting Parties ,

Having considered the declaration made by the General Assembly of the United Nations in its resolution 96 (I) dated 11 December 1946 that genocide is a crime under international law, contrary to the spirit and aims of the United Nations and condemned by the civilized world,

Recognizing that at all periods of history genocide has inflicted great losses on humanity, and

Being convinced that, in order to liberate mankind from such an odious scourge, international co-operation is required,

Hereby agree as hereinafter provided :

Article I

The Contracting Parties confirm that genocide, whether committed in time of peace or in time of war, is a crime under international law which they undertake to prevent and to punish.

Article II

In the present Convention, genocide means any of the following acts committed with intent to destroy, in whole or in part, a national, ethnical, racial or religious group, as such:

(a) Killing members of the group;

(b) Causing serious bodily or mental harm to members of the group;

(c) Deliberately inflicting on the group conditions of life calculated to bring about its physical destruction in whole or in part;

(d) Imposing measures intended to prevent births within the group;

(e) Forcibly transferring children of the group to another group.

Article III

The following acts shall be punishable:

(a) Genocide;

(b) Conspiracy to commit genocide;

(c) Direct and public incitement to commit genocide;

(d) Attempt to commit genocide;

(e) Complicity in genocide.

Article IV

Persons committing genocide or any of the other acts enumerated in article III shall be punished, whether they are constitutionally responsible rulers, public officials or private individuals.

Article V

The Contracting Parties undertake to enact, in accordance with their respective Constitutions, the necessary legislation to give effect to the provisions of the present Convention, and, in particular, to provide effective penalties for persons guilty of genocide or any of the other acts enumerated in article III.

Article VI

Persons charged with genocide or any of the other acts enumerated in article III shall be tried by a competent tribunal of the State in the territory of which the act was committed, or by such international penal tribunal as may have jurisdiction with respect to those Contracting Parties which shall have accepted its jurisdiction.

Article VII

Genocide and the other acts enumerated in article III shall not be considered as political crimes for the purpose of extradition.

The Contracting Parties pledge themselves in such cases to grant extradition in accordance with their laws and treaties in force.

Article VIII

Any Contracting Party may call upon the competent organs of the United Nations to take such action under the Charter of the United Nations as they consider appropriate for the prevention and suppression of acts of genocide or any of the other acts enumerated in article III.

Article IX

Disputes between the Contracting Parties relating to the interpretation, application or fulfilment of the present Convention, including those relating to the responsibility of a State for genocide or for any of the other acts enumerated in article III, shall be submitted to the International Court of Justice at the request of any of the parties to the dispute.

Article X

The present Convention, of which the Chinese, English, French, Russian and Spanish texts are equally authentic, shall bear the date of 9 December 1948.

Article XI

The present Convention shall be open until 31 December 1949 for signature on behalf of any Member of the United Nations and of any non-member State to which an invitation to sign has been addressed by the General Assembly.

The present Convention shall be ratified, and the instruments of ratification shall be deposited with the Secretary-General of the United Nations.

After 1 January 1950, the present Convention may be acceded to on behalf of any Member of the United Nations and of any non-member State which has received an invitation as aforesaid.

Instruments of accession shall be deposited with the Secretary-General of the United Nations.

Article XII

Any Contracting Party may at any time, by notification addressed to the Secretary-General of the United Nations, extend the application of the present Convention to all or any of the territories for the conduct of whose foreign relations that Contracting Party is responsible.

Article XIII

On the day when the first twenty instruments of ratification or accession have been deposited, the Secretary-General shall draw up a procès-verbal and transmit a copy thereof to each Member of the United Nations and to each of the non-member States contemplated in article XI.

The present Convention shall come into force on the ninetieth day following the date of deposit of the twentieth instrument of ratification or accession.

Any ratification or accession effected subsequent to the latter date shall become effective on the ninetieth day following the deposit of the instrument of ratification or accession.

Article XIV

The present Convention shall remain in effect for a period of ten years as from the date of its coming into force.

It shall thereafter remain in force for successive periods of five years for such Contracting Parties as have not denounced it at least six months before the expiration of the current period.

Denunciation shall be effected by a written notification addressed to the Secretary-General of the United Nations.

Article XV

If, as a result of denunciations, the number of Parties to the present Convention should become less than sixteen, the Convention shall cease to be in force as from the date on which the last of these denunciations shall become effective.

Article XVI

A request for the revision of the present Convention may be made at any time by any Contracting Party by means of a notification in writing addressed to the Secretary-General.

The General Assembly shall decide upon the steps, if any, to be taken in respect of such request.

Article XVII

The Secretary-General of the United Nations shall notify all Members of the United Nations and the non-member States contemplated in article XI of the following:

(a) Signatures, ratifications and accessions received in accordance with article XI;

(b) Notifications received in accordance with article XII;

(c) The date upon which the present Convention comes into force in accordance with article XIII;

(d) Denunciations received in accordance with article XIV;

(e) The abrogation of the Convention in accordance with article XV;

(f) Notifications received in accordance with article XVI.

Article XVIII

The original of the present Convention shall be deposited in the archives of the United Nations.

A certified copy of the Convention shall be transmitted to each Member of the United Nations and to each of the non-member States contemplated in article XI.

Article XIX

The present Convention shall be registered by the Secretary-General of the United Nations on the date of its coming into force.

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